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Possessive determiners constitute a sub-class of determiners which modify a noun by attributing possession (or other sense of belonging) to someone or something. They are also known as possessive adjectives,〔Biber ''et al.'' (1999), pp. 270–72〕 although the latter term is sometimes used with a wider meaning. Examples in English include possessive forms of the personal pronouns, namely ''my'', ''your'', ''his'', ''her'', ''its'', ''our'' and ''their'', but excluding those forms such as ''mine'' and ''ours'' that are used as possessive pronouns but not as determiners. Possessive determiners may also be taken to include possessive forms made from nouns, from other pronouns and from noun phrases, such as ''John's'', ''the girl's'', ''somebody's'', ''the king of Spain's'', when used to modify a following noun. In many languages, possessive determiners are subject to agreement with the noun they modify, as in the French ''mon'', ''ma'', ''mes'', respectively the masculine singular, feminine singular and plural forms corresponding to the English ''my''. ==Comparison with determiners and adjectives== Possessive determiners (possessive adjectives) have features of both determiners and adjectives: * Possessive determiners, as used in English and some other languages, imply the definite article. For example, ''my car'' implies ''the car that belongs to me/is used by me''; it is not correct to precede possessives with an article ( *''the my car'') or other definite determiner such as a demonstrative ( *''this my car''), although they can combine with quantifiers in the same ways that ''the'' can (''all my cars'', ''my three cars'', etc.; see English determiners). This is not the case in all languages; for example in Italian the possessive is usually preceded by another determiner such as an article, as in ''la mia macchina'' ("my car", literally "the my car"). * Possessive determiners may be modified with an adverb, as adjectives are, although not as freely or as commonly as is the case with adjectives. Such modification is generally limited to such adverbs as ''more'', ''less'', or ''as much ... as'' (comparative) or ''mostly'' (superlative), for example in ''This is more my team than your team'', ''This is less my team than your team'', ''This is as much my team as your team'', and ''This is mostly my team''. ==Nomenclature== While some classify the words ''my'', ''your'', etc. as possessive adjectives,〔http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/my〕 others, due to the differences noted above, do not consider them adjectives – at least, not in English – and prefer possessive determiners. In some other languages the equivalent parts of speech behave more like true adjectives, however. The words ''my'', ''your'', etc. are sometimes classified, along with ''mine'', ''yours'' etc., as possessive pronouns〔Jesperson (1949), pp. 399–405〕〔Biber ''et al.'' 1999, pp. 340–42〕 or genitive pronouns, since they are the possessive (or genitive) forms of the ordinary personal pronouns ''I'', ''you'' etc. However, unlike most other pronouns, they do not behave grammatically as stand-alone nouns, but instead qualify another noun – as in ''my book'' (contrasted with ''that's mine'', for example, where ''mine'' substitutes for a complete noun phrase such as ''my book''). For this reason, other authors restrict the term "possessive pronoun" to the group of words ''mine'', ''yours'' etc. that substitute directly for a noun or noun phrase.〔(''All about grammar'', p. 69 ), Rosemary Allen, 2007〕〔(''Easy French step-by-step'', p. 210 ), Myrna Bell Rochester, McGraw Hill Professional, 2008〕 Some authors who classify both sets of words as "possessive pronouns" or "genitive pronouns" apply the terms dependent/independent〔Payne and Huddleston 2002, p. 426〕 or weak/strong〔Quirk ''et al.'' (1985) pp. 361–62〕 to refer, respectively, to ''my'', ''your'', etc. and ''mine'', ''yours'', etc. For example, under this scheme, ''my'' is termed a dependent possessive pronoun and ''mine'' an independent possessive pronoun. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Possessive determiner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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